Materials and Processes
Material Properties
Yield Strength--Strength of a material at its elastic limit
Ultimate Tensile Strength--the strength of a material right before fracture
Shear Strength--for ductile materials Ssy = .577Sy; brittle materials, f(Suc,Sut, eef
Ductility - Elongation >= 5%
Brittleness
Uneven Materials - Suc and Sut are not close in value
Even Materials - Suc and Sut are relatively close in value
Toughness--Area under s-e curve up to elastic strain
Hardness - A material's ability to resist deformation due to impact (Charpy test)
Fracture Toughness --A material's ability to withstand fracture at the root of cracks
Heat Treatments
Quenching
Tempering
Annealing
Cold Working
Strain Hardening
Case Hardening
Carbeurizing
Optimization
Single Variable Optimization--No Constraints
First derivative 0
Second derivative +(minimum), -(maximum), 0 (saddle point)
Single Variable Optimization - Constraints
Multivariable Optimization - No constraints
Gradient must be 0
Hessian must be + definite for a minimum
Hessian must be - definite for a maximum
Multivariable Optimization - Constraints
Gradient of Lagrangian must be 0
Characteristic polynomial roots tell whether we have minimum, maximum, or saddle point
Solver
Need design variable(s) defined
Need constraints defined
Need objective function defined